Research Reports

ELI publishes Research Reports available for free download that present the analysis and conclusions of the policy studies ELI undertakes to improve environmental law and policy. These reports contribute to education of the profession and disseminate diverse points of view and opinions to stimulate a robust and creative exchange of ideas. Those publications, which express opinions of the authors and not necessarily those of the Institute, its Board of Directors, or funding organizations, exemplify ELI’s commitment to dialogue with all sectors.
Model Executive Order on Municipal Leadership on Food Waste Reduction
Linda Breggin, Darby Hoover, Jessie Sugarman
July 2023

Local governments are well-positioned to address our nation’s food waste problem, and to lead by example in doing so. The NRDC/ELI Model Executive Order on Municipal Leadership on Food Waste Reduction offers municipalities possible measures to reduce the amount of food wasted throughout municipal operations, highlight the importance of reducing food waste, and demonstrate food waste reduction measures that businesses and other entities may voluntarily replicate.

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Model Executive Order on Municipal Leadership on Food Waste Reduction: Background Memorandum
Linda Breggin, Darby Hoover, Jessie Sugarman
July 2023

Local governments are well-positioned to address our nation’s food waste problem, and to lead by example in doing so. The NRDC/ELI Model Executive Order on Municipal Leadership on Food Waste Reduction offers municipalities possible measures to reduce the amount of food wasted throughout municipal operations, highlight the importance of reducing food waste, and demonstrate food waste reduction measures that businesses and other entities may voluntarily replicate. This Background Memorandum provides background information and key context to accompany the Model Executive Order.

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Model Executive Order on Municipal Leadership on Food Waste Reduction: With Commentaries
Linda Breggin, Darby Hoover, Jessie Sugarman
July 2023

Local governments are well-positioned to address our nation’s food waste problem, and to lead by example in doing so. The NRDC/ELI Model Executive Order on Municipal Leadership on Food Waste Reduction offers municipalities possible measures to reduce the amount of food wasted throughout municipal operations, highlight the importance of reducing food waste, and demonstrate food waste reduction measures that businesses and other entities may voluntarily replicate. The version with commentaries includes analysis, examples, and alternative approaches.

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document with the title "model executive order on municipal leadership on food waste reduction"
Linda Breggin, Darby Hoover, Jessica Sugarman
June 2023

Given the large amount of food that some municipalities procure and the many people that they employ, the impact of food waste reduction measures in municipal operations can be substantial and far-reaching. For example, New York City purchases $500 million worth of food each year and employs around 325,000 people across dozens of agencies.

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The cover of a research report, titled "Filling the Gaps: Strategies for States/Tribes for Protection of Non-WOTUS Waters"
Rebecca Kihslinger, Jim McElfish, Heather Luedke, Georgia Ray
May 2023

Changes in the interpretation of Waters of the United States (WOTUS) resulting from judicial decisions or federal rulemaking place a substantial burden upon state and tribal regulators and legislators. States, in particular, must determine whether, and how, to keep up with shifting federal coverage by adopting and implementing protections for waters that are not protected by federal law.

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