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The Intersection of Human Rights Defenders and Environmental Protection
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The Intersection of Human Rights Defenders and Environmental Protection
Since 2012, at least 1,910 environmental and land defenders have been killed around the world. In 2022 alone, Global Witness documented the murders of 177 land and environmental defenders. Of the total number of attacks on environmental defenders in 2022, an alarming 88% occurred in the Americas, primarily in Colombia, Mexico, and Brazil. Impunity continues to reign as the access to justice for these killings remains scarce. Furthermore, the criminalization and stigmatization of defenders remains a prominent form of attack that often precedes killings.
With violent conflict on the rise around the world, the contexts in which international institutions—including the World Bank, United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and the Global Environmental Facility (GEF)—support environmental and development interventions are increasingly characterized by fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV).
This document was prepared by the Environmental Law Institute in partnership with Rare. The legal reports for Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico – the four countries of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef (MAR) – cover aspects of fisheries and marine management laws that set out the framework for protecting the sustainability of small-scale fisheries, marine ecosystems, and the livelihoods of the fisherfolk who depend upon them.
This document was prepared by the Environmental Law Institute in partnership with Rare. The report provides information regarding the structure and function of the Honduras government and the institutional and legal framework for the governance of small-scale fisheries and Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Specifically, this report summarizes main actors and the legal framework for artisanal/small-scale fisheries and for management of fish resources in protected areas.
This document was prepared by the Environmental Law Institute in partnership with Rare. The report provides information regarding the structure and function of the Guatemalan government, and the institutional legal framework of the governance of small-scale fisheries and Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Specifically, this report summarizes main actors and the legal framework for artisanal/small-scale fisheries, and for management of fisheries resources and marine protected areas.
This document was prepared by the Environmental Law Institute in partnership with Rare. The report describes the legal framework for regulation of small-scale fisheries and Marine Protected Area (MPA) management in and adjacent to the coastal waters of Belize. The report also describes the structure and function of the government of Belize.
This document was prepared by the Environmental Law Institute in partnership with Rare. The report provides information regarding the structure and function of the Mexican government, as well as the institutional legal framework for the governance of small-scale fisheries and Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Specifically, this report summarizes main actors and the legal framework for artisanal/small-scale fisheries, and for management of fish resources in protected areas.
Jim Rubin was a stalwart environmental advocate and highly respected environmental attorney who left an enduring mark on the field of international environmental law both as a private practitioner and a public servant.
